一种新型的毫米波有源相控阵天线的研制

采用矢量调制器作为新型有源相控阵的核心器件,替代传统的波束成形单元中数字移相器和数字衰减器。分析了矢量调制器幅度相位的调制原理,从数学上推导出幅度调制系数和相位调制之间的关系。与数字移相器相比,它不但能够同时进行幅度和相位调制,还具有更加精确的调制精度。设计研制了8×8小型相控阵天线系统,介绍了相控阵系统的构成。通过闭环校准技术对相控阵的通道误差进行了测试和补偿,有效地降低了方向图的副瓣。最后测试结果显示在矢量调制器的控制下,研制的有源相控阵在E面和H面两个方向上具有±40°的波束扫描能力,副瓣抑制优于-10dB。

The Development of a Novel Millimeter Wave Active Phased Arrav Antenna

In this paper,the vector modulator was employed as a core component in a novel millimeter-wave active phased array antenna(APPA),which was used to replace a digital phase shifter and a digital attenuator adopted in a conventional beam forming network.Modulation characteristic of the vector modulator was studied and mathematical expression between insertion loss and phase shift was obtained.Compared to a digital phase shifter,the vector modulator can not only realize modulation on phase shift and amplitude simultaneously,but also possess more accurate phase resolution.A Ka-band 8×8 miniature APAA was developed and detailed introduction of its structure was given.The channel errors of APAA were measured and calibrated by closed loop calibration method based on the vector modulator resulting in effectively decreasing the side lobe level of the radiation pattern.Finally,measured results show that the beam of the APAA can be effectively steered between-40° and 40° on both E plane and H plane with the side lobe level less than-10 dB.