Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as a strategy to arrest enamel demineralization: a short-term study on incipient caries in a rat model |
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Authors: | Baptista Alessandra Kato Ilka T Prates Renato A Suzuki Luis C Raele Marcus P Freitas Anderson Z Ribeiro Martha S |
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Institution: | 1. Centro de Lasers e Aplica??es – Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares IPEN‐CNEN/SP, S?o Paulo, SP, Brasil;2. Mestrado Profissional em Laser em Odontologia – IPEN‐CNEN/SP, S?o Paulo, SP, Brasil |
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Abstract: | In this study we developed a rat model of incipient caries to investigate the short-term effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on oral microbiota regulation and demineralization arrestment. Twenty-nine male rats were submitted to caries induction. Early carious lesion was confirmed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) 5 days after experiment beginning in five animals. The remaining animals (n = 24) were randomly divided into two groups: control (n = 12), animals were untreated; and aPDT (n = 12), animals were treated with 100 μM of methylene blue for 5 min and irradiated by a light emitting diode at λ = 645 ± 30 nm, fluence rate of 480 mW cm(-2) and exposure time of 3 min. Bacterial burden was evaluated before, immediately after, 3, 7 and 10 days following treatment, and total number of microaerophilic bacteria was counted. OCT was also used to quantify teeth demineralization. A significant bacterial decrease of about 1.6 log was observed immediately after aPDT. Besides, bacterial load in aPDT group remained lower than control until 10 days post-treatment (P < 0.05) and variation of optical attenuation coefficient before and after aPDT was 15%, corroborating to caries arrestment. Put together, these findings suggest that aPDT was competent to reduce cariogenic bacteria and to avoid further mineral loss. |
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