重力作用下颗粒介质应力链的离散元模拟

用离散元的方法模拟了仅有重力作用的二维颗粒系统内部力的分布情况，并根据力的大小得到颗粒之间的应力链.模拟结果与颗粒介质研究中的两个著名模型q模型和α模型作了对比，并与光弹实验的结果作了比较.对比结果表明，模拟结果与实验相似，而与两个概率模型有一定的差异.另外计算结果还表明，颗粒介质中力大小的概率分布极为不均匀，较大的力概率呈指数衰减，应力链的分布具有分形特征. 关键词： 颗粒介质 离散元 应力链 光弹实验

Discrete element method simulation on the force chains in the two-dimensional granular system under gravity

The discrete element method is used to research the distribution of forces within the two-dimensional granular system under gravity. The force chains among the particles are generated according to the magnitudes of the forces. Then the simulation results are compared with the well-known q-model, a-model and experimental results obtained through the photoelastic test under the same conditions. According to the computational solution, we conclude that the simulation results are similar to the experimental results are some what different from the two probability models. In addition, we also obtained that the probability distribution of the force is very uneven. The probability of the large force decays exponentially and the distribution of the force chains takes on a fraetal character.