Laser desorption-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization: a novel ion source for the direct coupling of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to mass spectrometry

Laser desorption-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (LD-APCI-MS) is presented for the atmospheric pressure (AP) sampling of tryptic peptides directly from a polyacrylamide gel. In contrast to other gel sampling mass spectrometric approaches, this technique does not require the addition of any exogenous matrices to the gel to assist with ionization. In this arrangement, a CO(2) laser at 10.6 micro m is used to desorb intact neutral peptide molecules from the gel, followed by ionization in the gas-phase with APCI. The ions are then sampled via a heated capillary inlet and transferred to a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer for mass analysis. Preliminary results suggest the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis-LD-APCI-MS technique provides several advantages that could translate into a more convenient, robust methodology for the rapid identification and characterization of proteins. Finally, strategies regarding the further development of the method are presented.