中药刺五加叶中有效成分的几种微波辅助提取方法研究

利用高压微波提取法、常压回流微波提取法、流动微波提取法和索氏提取法提取中药刺五加中黄酮和皂苷类化合物，考察各种提取方法提取效率随时间的变化。结果表明，高压微波提取法在压力为300kPa，完全提取的时间为10min；常压回流微波提取法完全提取的时间为14min；流动微波提取法完全提取的时间为10min；索氏提取法需8h尚能完成。各种提取方法总黄酮的提取率分别为43．7、48．2、42．7和34．7mg／g；总皂苷的提取效率分别为60．2、61．5、59．8和46．5mg/g。与索氏提取法比较，微波提取法提取黄酮和皂苷，提取时间大大缩短，且提取效率显著提高。

Several Microwave Assisted Extraction Methods for Extraction of Active Constituents From Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms

Three microwave-assisted extraction methods(MAEs), pressurized microwave extraction, atmospheric pressure reflux microwave extraction and flow microwave extraction, of flavonoids and saponins from Chinese medicine Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms were studied. The influence of extraction time of every method on the extraction yield of total flavonoids and total saponins was investigated. The experimental results indicate that the pressurized microwave extraction, atmospheric pressure reflux microwave extraction and flow microwave extraction need 10 min, 14 min and 10 min, respectively. But Soxhlet extraction needs 8 h. The extraction yields of total flavonoids by using the four extraction methods are 43.7, 48.2, 42.7 and 34.7 mg/g , and total saponins are 60.2, 61.5, 59.8 and 46.5 mg/g respectively. Comparing with Soxhlet extraction, not only the MAEs take shorter time, but also the yields of flavonoids and saponins obtained by using MAEs are higher significantly.