Theory of bio-energy transport in protein molecules and its experimental evidences as well as applications ( I )

A new theory of bio-energy transport along protein molecules, where energy is released by the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), has recently been proposed for some physical and biological reasons. In this theory, Davydov’s Hamiltonian and wave function of the systems are simultaneously improved and extended. A new interaction has been added into the original Hamiltonian. The original wave function of the excitation state of single particles has been replaced by a new wave function of the two-quanta quasi-coherent state. In such a case, bio-energy is carried and transported by the new soliton along protein molecular chains. The soliton is formed through the self-trapping of two excitons interacting with amino acid residues. The exciton is generated by the vibration of amide-I (C=O stretching) arising from the energy of the hydrolysis of ATP. The properties of the soliton are extensively studied by analytical methods and its lifetime for a wide range of parameter values relevant to protein molecules is calculated using the nonlinear quantum perturbation theory. The lifetime of the new soliton at the biological temperature of 300 K is large enough and belongs to the order of 10^-10 s or τ/τ₀ ≥ 700. The different properties of the new soliton are further studied. The results show that the new soliton in the new model is a better carrier of bio-energy transport and it can play an important role in biological processes. This model is a candidate of the bio-energy transport mechanism in protein molecules.