Variation of the carrier-envelope phase of few-cycle laser pulses owing to the Gouy phase: a solid-state-based measurement

The carrier-envelope phase of a laser pulse has recently become an important quantity in extreme nonlinear optics. Because of the topological Gouy phase, it changes while the pulse propagates through the focus of a lens. This variation is measured by a simple solid-state-based approach. The experimental results are analyzed by comparison with simple analytical model calculations.