Reaction dynamics studied via femtosecond X-ray liquidography at X-ray free-electron lasers |
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| Authors: | Eun Hyuk Choi Yunbeom Lee Jun Heo Hyotcherl Ihee |
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| Institution: | Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea.; KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea ; Center for Advanced Reaction Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) provide femtosecond X-ray pulses suitable for pump–probe time-resolved studies with a femtosecond time resolution. Since the advent of the first XFEL in 2009, recent years have witnessed a great number of applications with various pump–probe techniques at XFELs. Among these, time-resolved X-ray liquidography (TRXL) is a powerful method for visualizing structural dynamics in the liquid solution phase. Here, we classify various chemical and biological molecular systems studied via femtosecond TRXL (fs-TRXL) at XFELs, depending on the focus of the studied process, into (i) bond cleavage and formation, (ii) charge distribution and electron transfer, (iii) orientational dynamics, (iv) solvation dynamics, (v) coherent nuclear wavepacket dynamics, and (vi) protein structural dynamics, and provide a brief review on each category. We also lay out a plausible roadmap for future fs-TRXL studies for areas that have not been explored yet.Femtosecond X-ray liquidography using X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) visualizes various aspects of reaction dynamics. |
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