静电喷雾法制备高效染料敏化太阳能电池的二氧化钛光阳极

TiO2光阳极膜是染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC）的核心部件之一，它对电池的光电转换效率起决定性作用．TiO2电极一般采用刮涂法和丝网印刷法制备．近3年，通过静电喷雾制备光阳极的方法得到国内外学者的关注．静电喷雾制备光阳极会受到多种因素的影响，如电压、流速、悬浮液浓度、喷雾距离以及喷雾时间等．但这些因素对成膜和DSSC器件性能的影响却没有得到全面的研究或者报道．本文使用静电喷雾法制备了多孔TiO2纳米膜，并研究了以其为电极的电池器件特性．经过超声充分分散的稳定TiO2乙醇悬浮液在高电压下喷雾到导电玻璃上成膜．通过改变电喷雾距离，得到了具有不同形貌的TiO：光阳极膜，并解释了其形成的机理及其对电池性能的影响．研究还表明，光阳极膜的TiC14处理能够很好地改善电池性能．通过优化，基于流速为0．8mL／h、电喷雾距离和时间分别为2．2cm和8min条件下制备的光阳极，结合TiC14处理，组装的电池在模拟太阳光源AM1．5G下光电转化效率达6．24％．

Preparation of high efficiency TiO2 photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cells by electrostatic spray

In dye-sensitized solar cells （DSSC）, one of the key components is TiO2 anode, which plays an important role in determining the device efficiency. TiO2 electrodes are generally prepared by doctor blade or screen printing. Electrostatic spray （ES） has started to get attention for TiO2 electrodes preparation in recent years. The preparation of photoanode by electrostatic spray depends on many factors, such as voltage, feeding rate, concentration of the TiO2 suspension, spray distance and time, etc. However, the influences of these factors on the fabrication and the device performance have not been reported. This work describes the detail of TiO2 anodes preparation by ES method and their corresponding DSSC devices characterization. TiO2 powders （i.e. P25 powder） was dissolved in ethanol and dispersed thoroughly under suitable ultrasonic process, yielding TiQ suspension with high stability and quality. This well dispersed TiO2 suspension was sprayed onto the FTO under a high electronic field. TiO2 photoanodes with different microstructures and morphologies were obtained by changing the spraying distance; their formation mechanism and impact on the cell performance were studied. Moreover, it was also showed that the post-treatment with TIC14 aqueous could significantly improve the efficiency of the cell. By optimizing, high power conversion efficiency of 6.24% could be achieved under the following condition： liquid feeding rate of 0.8 mL/h, spraying distance of 2.2 cm, spraying time of 8 min.