Trifluoromethoxylation/trifluoromethylthiolation/trifluoro- methylselenolation strategy for the construction of heterocycles

The XCF₃ groups (X=O, S, Se) play an increasingly important role in modern organic chemistry due to their unique electronegativity, lipophilic nature, metabolic stability, and bioavailability. Heterocyclic compounds are important scaffolds in many bioactive compounds and drugs. The incorporation of XCF₃ groups into heterocyclic compounds can change their physicochemical and biological properties, which injects new vitality into the application of heterocyclic compounds in many fields such as organic chemistry, the pharmaceutical chemistry, and life sciences. In this paper, the recent progress in the synthesis of F₃CX-containing heterocycles is reviewed, and the application scope and mechanism of some reactions are discussed.