基于波形匹配的高压输电线系统故障诊断优化算法

准确高效的高压输电线故障诊断对加快故障后系统恢复速度、进而确保系统安全稳定运行具有重要意义.高压输电线故障诊断问题主要包括故障类型识别、故障测距和故障时间识别.本文将该问题描述为优化问题来求解,即将故障诊断问题中待求解的量如故障距离和有待估计的量如过渡电阻作为故障假说里面的未知参数,以故障后的实际波形和期望波形的差异度最小化作为优化目标.在此基础上构建了包括离散和连续优化变量的混合优化问题,可以同时获得故障类型、故障距离和故障时间.采用了近年来提出的一种高效的启发式优化算法─和声搜索算法来求解这一优化问题,并根据问题的特点对该算法进行了改进.最后,用算例系统的仿真结果来说明所提方法的正确性和有效性.

An Optimization Algorithm for Fault Diagnosis of High-Voltage Transmission Lines Based on Waveform Matching

An accurate and effective method for the fault diagnosis of a high voltage transmission line (FDHVTL) plays an important role in supporting rapid system restoration, and hence enhancing the secure and reliable operation of power systems. FDHVTL involves fault type identification, fault location and fault time estimation, and the problem is formulated as an optimization one in this work. The variables to be found for FDHVTL include the fault location, and the parameters to be determined such as the ground resistance, and the minimization of the discrepancy degree of the actual and expected waveforms is taken as the optimization objective. On this basis, FDHVTL is formulated as a mixed integer programming (MIP) problem with both discrete and continuous variables, and fault type, fault location as well as fault time could simultaneously be obtained. Harmony Search (HS), an effective heuristic optimization algorithm developed in recent years, is employed for solving this problem, and some improvements of HS are made to better cater for the characteristics of FDHVTL. Simulation results of a sample power system have been employed to demonstrate the correctness and efficiency of the developed FDHVTL model and method.