Band structures of a slowly rotating dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate with a quantized vortex along a one-dimensional optical lattice |
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Authors: | H C Lee and T F Jiang |
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Institution: | 1.Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University,Hsinchu,Taiwan |
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Abstract: | We derive the effective Gross-Pitaevskii equation for a slowly rotating
dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with a quantized vortex along a
one-dimensional optical lattice and calculate its band structures. The band
structure of a slowly rotating BEC in a lattice becomes interesting when
dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) is involved. Under rotation, a dipolar
rotating term emerges from the DDI potential. The dipolar rotating term
makes a BEC with an attractive DDI more stable than one with a repulsive
DDI. The dipolar rotating term changes and generalizes the definition for
the type of BEC, which cannot be simply determined by an s-wave scattering
length or an effective contact interaction term. The dipolar rotating term
also makes the band structure fascinating and tunable. A so-called
swallowtail band structure, i.e., a multi-valued solution due to nonlinear
interaction, can either elongate or shrink as the band index increases, in
contrast to a non-rotating dipolar BEC system with a monotonic dependence.
With the dipolar rotating term, various band structures as well as an
attractive BEC without collapse can be easily achieved. We demonstrate that
a rotating dipolar BEC system subject to an optical lattice combines
features of a crystal and a superfluid and promises wide applications. |
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Keywords: | |
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