Characterization of Defects in Glasses and Coatings on Glasses by Microanalytical Techniques

 The most relevant defects in glasses and thin films on glasses are categorized and investigated by the appropriate microanalytical techniques. Knots, which are local glassy inclusions, are described in greater detail. The combination of EPMA/EDX and LA-ICP-MS allow the determination of element concentrations in the defect down into the low ppm range, thus finally enabling the identification of a special source of the defect from otherwise non distinguishable refractories. The results of analysis of stones and striae are reported and defect sources are discussed. Local defects in thin films are characterized which can be explained by high intrinsic compressive stress in the films. Typical glass and thin film defects are used to illustrate the problem-solving process in industrial labs.