The probability of the reaction (π−, p) and the problem of Δ+ isobars in the atomic nucleus

The process of slow π^? absorption in ₂₁⁴⁵Sc, ₂₇⁵⁹Co, ₃₉⁸⁹Y, ₅₅¹³³Cs, ₅₉¹⁴¹Pr and ₇₉¹⁹⁷Au atomic nuclei, followed by the emission of one proton, has been investigated. Upper limits for the probabilities of single-proton emission have been determined from the yields of the isotopes produced. The following values are obtained, per stopped pion: W ? 6.1 × 10^?4 for the reaction ₂₁⁴⁵Sc(π^?, p)₁₉⁴⁴K, W ? 0.87 × 10^?4 for ₂₇⁵⁹Co(π^?, p)₂₅⁵⁸Mn, W ? 6.9 × 10^?4 for ₃₉⁸⁹Y(π^?, p)₃₇⁸⁸Rb, W ? 1.3 × 10^?4 for ₅₅¹³³Cs(π^?, p)₅₃¹³²I, W ? 3.0 × 10^?4 for ₅₉¹⁴¹Pr(π^?, p)₅₇¹⁴⁰La, and W ? 3.3 × 10^?5 for ₇₉¹⁹⁷Au(π^?, p)₇₇^196mIr.