干涉条纹图处理的等值线窗口滤波和摄像测量在国防试验的应用

对图像进行滤波或称平滑是干涉条纹图像处理中的一项重要工作。一幅未经处理的原始图像或多或少存在着不同程度的噪声干扰,特别是散斑和Insar干涉条纹图,信噪比很低,难以处理。本文针对光测力学中光学干涉方法得到的条纹图,提出了一种新的滤波方法条纹等值线窗口滤波,并对这种滤波方法进行了研究讨论,提出了几种确定等值线窗口的不同方法。这种滤波方法根据干涉条纹图不同断面上灰度分布的不同特点,选择沿条纹走向的条纹等值线窗口进行滤波,在最大消除条纹图噪声的同时,也能保证对条纹损伤最小。摄像测量技术正在迅速发展和得到广泛应用,在国防试验和航天飞行任务中发挥着不可替代的作用。本文也介绍了作者近年来在该领域所做的应用研究,包括在火箭、导弹发射试验,冲击、碰撞等过程中的动态目标运动测量;针对航天航空和力学工程领域的视频图像实时分析;飞行器三维运动测量;基于投影条纹的物体三维形貌精密测量方法研究;以及对接航天器位置和姿态的实时测量。在这些应用中都实现了高精度测量。

The Contoured Window Filter for Interferogram and the Application of Video Measurement in National Defense Examinations

Speckle fringe patterns of ESPI are full of high-spatial-frequency and high contrast speckle noise which defies normal process methods. Filtering with contoured windows has been proven to be an efficient approach to filter off the speckle noise while reserving the fringe patterns obtained by subtraction of two original speckle patterns. Furthermore, with contoured windows, the contoured correlation fringe pattern (CCFP) method proposed by the authors can derive high-quality fringe patterns of ESPI with speckle-free, smooth, normalized and consistent fringes from two original speckle patterns. CCFP method can also extract the phase field with a single-step phase-shifting.;Video measurement is developing and expending its application fields quickly and is absolutely necessarily in national defense examinations and space tasks. This paper presents the author's work in these fields recent years including movement measurement of motive targets in launch experiments of rockets and missiles or in impact experiments, real-time analysis of video in fields of aerospace and mechanics engineering, 3D movement measurement of aircrafts and targets' position and pose measurement in spacecrafts' docking. Accurate results were received in these applications. The arithmetic used in the recent work of optical measurement in spacecraft docking has a good character of robustness and can effectively depress the influence of the instability of camera parameters by adjusting these unstable parameters.