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Efficacy of electrostatically charged glyphosate on ryegrass
Institution:1. Department of Ophthalmology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan;2. Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan;3. Department of Cosmetic Science, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan;1. Technische Universität München, Chair of Organic Agriculture and Agronomy, Liesel-Beckmann-Straße 2, 85354 Freising, Germany;2. Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Bundesalle 50, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany;1. State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, PR China;2. Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China;3. Guangzhou Brain Hospital, 36 Mingxin Road, Liwan District,Guangzhou 510370, PR China;4. Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Guangzhou 510632, PR China;5. Family Planning Service Center of Dongguan, Dongguan 523079, PR China;6. School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
Abstract:Using a TX-VK3 spray tip attached to an electrostatic sprayer operated at 483 kPa pressure, ryegrass was sprayed with glyphosate at 0.0033 kg ae ha?1. Charge-to-mass ratio (Q/M) for the spray solution was 1.686 mC kg?1 at +10.0 kV charging voltage. Treatment efficacy was assessed using NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) spectral reflectance values. Electrostatic charging of glyphosate significantly increased volume median diameter of spray droplets (Dv0.5 = 112.8 μm) compared to uncharged glyphosate (Dv0.5 = 106.5 μm). Ryegrass health declined 80% faster by charging the glyphosate spray solution compared to the uncharged spray.
Keywords:Ryegrass  Electrostatic sprays  Glyphosate  Efficacy  Remote sensing  NDVI
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