UDV measurements of single bubble rising in a liquid metal Galinstan with a transverse magnetic field |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Mechanical and System Design Engineering, Hongik University, Sangsu-dong, 72-1, Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-791, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul 121-791, Republic of Korea;1. CoSPE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Hankyong National University, Gyeonggi-do, Anseong-si, Jungang-ro 327, 17579, Republic of Korea;2. Center for Convergent Chemical Process (CCP), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea;1. International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM), Laboratory of New-Structured Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People''s Republic of China;2. State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People''s Republic of China;3. Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States;4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States;5. State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People''s Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | Liquid metal is an important type of energy transport carrier in nuclear reactors, such as in accelerator-driven sub-critical systems, fusion reactors and spallation neutron source devices. It is necessary to conduct research for bubbles rising in a liquid metal under different magnetic field intensities. The Perspex container is positioned concentrically inside a transverse magnetic field, which provides a homogeneous DC longitudinal magnetic field that passes through the fluid district. The coils are supplied with maximum field strength of 1.97 T. The equivalent diameter of the bubble is 3.1–5.6 mm. The Ultrasonic Doppler Velocimetry (UDV) method is used to evaluate the internal flow velocity of opaque liquid metals. Research shows that the influence of the Lorenz force on the bubble ascension velocity is not simply positive or negative. The magnetic field inhibits the ascension velocity of small bubbles with diameters of 3.1 mm and 3.4 mm. The terminal velocity for large bubbles with diameters of 4.57 mm, 5.15 mm and 5.6 mm is higher under a weak magnetic field than without a magnetic field. The positive effect happens under strong magnetic intensity. The target is to obtain the hydro-dynamical relationships between the terminal velocity, drag coefficient, the Eötvös number, Reynolds number, and Stuart number in a strong magnetic field using a multiple regression method to reveal that the mechanism of the induced current's restraining influence determines the ascension velocity of the bubble in viscous electric liquids with a strong magnetic field. |
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