进化论传播脉络与近代中国的“食人”言说

在进化论的影响下，近代中国“食人”言说悄然兴起，并形成一股思潮。这一思潮为西人所激发，中经日本学者转移与推动，“激活”了中国旧有的丰富的“食人”话语资源，并在时代潮流中催生出一批“食人”言说的新文献，代表性的有《食人会》《食人国》和《食人人种的话》三部翻译小说。近代中国“食人”言说具有丰富的层次和内涵，最基本的层面是字面意义上的食人，包括野蛮人的蛮荒遗风和文明人的人性丑恶；二是象征含义的“食人”即进化论的弱肉强食；三是其超越层面，即对进化论“弱肉强食”思想的批判，这是当时日本的作家和学者难以企及的。

The Communication Context of Evolutionism and the Cannibalism Speech of Modern China

Under the influence of evolutionism, the cannibalism speech of modern China had been rising quietly, which meant an ideological trend had formed. The diffusion line of this ideological trend was from Western World to East Asian (especially Japan), and to China. With abundant resources in China and Japan, this cannibalism speech generated a batch of new documents of Chinese man-eating speech in the time tide, which possessed three translated novelsas representative documents: The Man-eating Club, The Man-eating Country and The Speech of Man-eating Race. The former two books exhibit the evolutionism of the " philosophy of the jungle”, while the last one criticize it.