New Raman Spectroscopic Data of the Almahata Sitta Meteorite

The archaeological site of Pintia (Padilla de Duero/Peñafiel, Valladolid), considered one of the first cities on the Iberian Peninsula, has yielded very interesting archaeological records regarding the different functional areas that involve the oppidum. Pottery, metal, and bone/skeletal remains are very well preserved, being optimal for analysis and study of the ancient food contained, such as milk-based products, animal fats, beer, and wine. The combination of Raman Microscopy (RM) with other analytical techniques such as Light Microscopy (LM) and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (ESEM-EDX) becomes a powerful tool to obtain information on the possible content in the ceramic receptacles from historical-archaeological heritage. It can lead to an interpretation of their specific use or functionality. In this work, a unique sample preparation was used for all techniques, which lead to a very simple procedure and documentation. The degradation and aging of natural fibers and the presence of organic matter with low crystallinity and calcium oxalate–related residuals can be studied by these combined techniques. The archaeological residuals can be separated from modern contamination coming from agriculture processes, surrounding land minerals, or fresh vegetal matter.