悬浮泥沙声学观测的原理分析

从导出声呐方程式出发对悬浮泥沙声学观测方法的原理和系统设计问题进行了分析,得到了系统主要技术参数(如最佳工作频率、声发射功率和收发换能器孔径等)的计算公式,并着重讨论了时变随机过程的数据处理、声传播损失补偿及泥沙浓度现场标定等关键技术问题。本文分析的结果为利用声散射原理观测的声学系统(如声学悬浮泥沙浓度剖面仪和声学多普勒海流剖面仪)的研制和应用提供了依据。

A theoretical analysis of acoustic suspended sediment observation

A theoretical analysis of designing an acoustic back-scatter system for observations of suspended sediments has been made through a sonar equation derived in this paper. Some formulae and data for reference in determining several main technical parameters of the system, such as optimum frequency, sound transmission power, aperture of transducer etc., are provided. And some key problems on the acoustic observation of suspended sediments, such as data processing of a time-varying stochastic process, compensation of sound propagation loss in complicated conditions and in-situ calibration of sediment concentration, are discussed in detail. The results of the analysis could be helpful to the development and application of a specific acoustic back-scatter instrument (e.g. the acoustic sediment concentration profiler, the acoustic Doppler current profiler etc.).