层状双金属氢氧化物及其复合材料加速电解水制氢的研究进展

随着经济社会的不断发展和能源的不断消耗，开发清洁能源已引起研究者们的广泛关注。层状双金属氢氧化物(LDH)具有典型的层状结构、制备难度低、组成易调节等优点，在电催化分解水方面表现出可与贵金属催化剂相媲美的性能。目前LDH催化剂仍然存在稳定性不足、活性位点辨别不明、电催化反应机理模糊不清等科学问题亟待解决。本文首先介绍了LDH材料的性质和制备方法，重点从元素和化合物对LDH材料结构和性能的调控、取代阳极OER以及海水氧化三个方面综述了LDH材料在电催化制氢方面的研究进展，阐述了LDH复合材料的形貌、界面作用及化合物之间的协同作用。最后对LDH材料更深层次的研究方向作出展望。

Research progress of layered double hydroxides and their composites to accelerate hydrogen production from water electrolysis

With the continuous development of economy and society and the continuous consumption of energy, the development of clean energy has attracted wide attention of researchers. Layered double hydroxide (LDH) has the advantages of typical layered structure, low preparation difficulty, and easy composition adjustment, which can be comparable with noble metal catalyst in water electrolysis. At present, LDH catalysts still suffer from insufficient stability, unclear identification of active site, and ambiguous electrocatalytic reaction mechanism. This paper first introduces the properties and preparation methods of LDH materials, focusing on the research progress of LDH materials in electrocatalytic hydrogen production from three aspects: the control of elements and compounds on the structure and properties of LDH materials, the substitution of anode OER and seawater oxidation. The morphology, interface action and synergistic effect among compounds of LDH composites are also expounded. Finally, the further research direction of LDH materials is prospected.