离子液体在乙烯/乙烷和乙烯/乙炔分离中的应用

乙烯，作为石油化工行业的龙头原料，其高效回收分离具有重要的战略意义。离子液体作为一种结构可调控的新型绿色溶剂，在乙烯的回收分离中展现出巨大的应用前景。本文总结了近年来离子液体在乙烯/乙烷和乙烯/乙炔分离方面的研究进展，从溶剂吸收、膜吸收和与多孔材料相结合的吸附分离法等角度展开，系统地阐述了常规离子液体、功能化离子液体、聚离子液体等纯组分体系及多组分体系在不同分离方法中的研究现状，展望了离子液体在乙烯回收分离方面的应用前景和发展趋势。

Application of Ionic Liquids for Ethylene/Ethane and Ethylene/Acetylene Separation

Ethylene (C2H4) is one of the most important chemical feedstocks in petrochemical industries. In the chemical process industry, the separation of ethylene from ethane or acetylene is typically via cryogenic distillation at high pressure and very low temperature. However, this technology is costly and energy consuming. Therefore, it is necessary to develop alternative novel separation methods for the sustainable development of olefin industry. Ionic liquids (ILs), as benign media in the separation and purification processes, have received tremendous interest due to the unique and tunable properties resulting from the modifications of the cations and the anions. ILs have been demonstrated as outstanding potential agents for gas separations. In this work, the advances of C2H4/C2H6 and C2H4/C2H2 separation with ILs through solvent absorption, membrane separation and adsorption separation combined with porous materials are summarized. The progress involves pure ILs and multi-components based on conventional ILs, task-specific ILs and polyILs. The advantages and disadvantages of the separation technologies are discussed. For solvent absorption, excellent solubility can be achieved using task-specific ILs by introducing functional groups or transitional metal ions. Membrane separation can take good advantage of the high viscosity, high designability and adjustability of ILs to enhance the permeability and selectivity. ILs combined with porous materials are utilized to greatly improve ethylene separation performance. Furthermore, the prospects for the future development of ethylene separation with ILs are outlined.