Generation of long-lived isomeric states via bremsstrahlung irradiation

A method to generate long-lived isomeric states effectively for Mössbauer applications is reported. We demonstrate that this method is better and easier to provide highly sensitive Mössbauer effect of long-lived isomers (>1 ms) such as ¹⁰³Rh. Excitation of (γ,γ) process by synchrotron radiation is painful due mainly to their limited linewidth. Instead, (γ,γ’) process of bremsstrahlung excitation is applied to create these long-lived isomers. Isomers of ⁴⁵Sc, ¹⁰⁷Ag, ¹⁰⁹Ag, and ¹⁰³Rh have been generated from this method. Among them, ¹⁰³Rh is the only one that we have obtained the gravitational effect at room temperature.