Nanoscale battery cathode materials induce DNA damage in bacteria |
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Authors: | Tian A Qiu Valeria Guidolin Khoi Nguyen L Hoang Thomas Pho Andrea Carra' Peter W Villalta Jiayi He Xiaoxiao Yao Robert J Hamers Silvia Balbo Z Vivian Feng Christy L Haynes |
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Institution: | Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis MN 55455 USA.; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis MN 55455 USA ; Chemistry Department, Augsburg University, 2211 Riverside Ave, Minneapolis MN 55454 USA.; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison WI 53706 USA |
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Abstract: | The increasing use of nanoscale lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (LixNiyMnzCo1−y−zO2, NMC) as a cathode material in lithium-ion batteries poses risk to the environment. Learning toxicity mechanisms on molecular levels is critical to promote proactive risk assessment of these complex nanomaterials and inform their sustainable development. We focused on DNA damage as a toxicity mechanism and profiled in depth chemical and biological changes linked to DNA damage in two environmentally relevant bacteria upon nano-NMC exposure. DNA damage occurred in both bacteria, characterized by double-strand breakage and increased levels of many putative chemical modifications on bacterial DNA bases related to direct oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, measured by cutting-edge DNA adductomic techniques. Chemical probes indicated elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species and transition metal ions, in agreement with DNA adductomics and gene expression analysis. By integrating multi-dimensional datasets from chemical and biological measurements, we present rich mechanistic insights on nano-NMC-induced DNA damage in bacteria, providing targets for biomarkers in the risk assessment of reactive materials that may be extrapolated to other nano–bio interactions.The increasing use of nanoscale lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (LixNiyMnzCo1−y−zO2, NMC) as a cathode material in lithium-ion batteries poses risk to the environment. We report DNA damage that occurs in bacteria after nano-NMC exposure with rich chemical details. |
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