The Molecular Design of Fluorescent Sensors for Ionic Analytes |
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Authors: | Luigi Fabbrizzi Maurizio Licchelli Luisa Parodi Antonio Poggi Angelo Taglietti |
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Institution: | (1) Dipartimento di Chimica Generale, Università di Pavia, via Taramelli 12, I-27100 Pavia, Italy |
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Abstract: | Molecular fluorescent sensors can be synthesized by covalently linking a photoactive fragment (e.g., anthracene) to a receptor subunit displaying affinity toward the envisaged substrate. The electron transfer process is the privileged signal transduction mechanism: redox active substrates (e.g., transition metals) typically release/uptake an electron to/from the proximate photoexcited fluorophore, the recognition being signaled through fluorescence quenching; redox inactive substrates (d0 and d10 metals, H+) deactivate an existing quenching relay (e.g., a tertiary nitrogen atom close to the fluorophore) and their recognition is signaled through fluorescence enhancement. An-ionic substrates can be conveniently recognized on the basis of the metal–ligand interaction: polyamine receptors containing the photophysically inactive ZnIIion bind the carboxylate group. In the case of amino acids,
, selectivity is improved when the receptor platform bears additional groups capable to interact specifically with the R substituent. If R is capable of transferring an electron to the nearby photoexcited fluorophore, the recognition is signaled through fluorescence quenching. |
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Keywords: | Fluorosensors electron transfer anthracene metal ions amino acids |
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