Fluorescence analysis of the interaction of two peptide sequences of hepatitis GB virus C with liposomes

The physicochemical characterization of the peptide sequences E2 (39-53) and E2 (32-59) corresponding to the structural protein E2 of the GB virus C was done by studying their interaction with model membranes. The peptides showed surface activity concentration dependent when injected beneath a buffered solution. This tendency to accumulate into the air/water interface suggested a potential ability of these peptides to interact with bilayers. For that reason, Small Unilamellar Liposomes (SUVs) of 1,2-dimyiristoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine (DMPC) or 1,2-dimyiristoyl-sn-Glycero-3-[Phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)] (DMPG) were chosen as a mimetic membranes. A series of fluorescence experiments based on tryptophan peptide fluorescence or with fluorescence labeled SUVs, were done to cover different aspects of peptide interaction with bilayers. Steady state fluorescence anisotropy studies with N-(7-nitro-2-1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl) dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (NBD-PE) or 1-[4-(trimethylammonium) phenyl]-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (TMA-DPH) labeled SUVs indicated that only the long peptide was able to change the lipid microenvironment of DMPG vesicles by slightly increasing the rigidity of the bilayer both above and under the lipid main transition temperature. These results were concordant with the slight blue shift of the maximum tryptophan wavelength emission after E2 (32-53) peptide incubation with DMPG vesicles. Our data provide useful information for the design of synthetic immunopeptides that can be incorporated into a liposomal system with a potential to promote a direct delivery of the membrane-incorporated immunogen to the immunocompetent cells, thus increasing the immuno response from the host.