Matter-wave interference in Bose-Einstein condensates: A dispersive hydrodynamic perspective |
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Authors: | MA Hoefer P Engels |
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Institution: | a National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA b Washington State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA |
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Abstract: | The interference pattern generated by the merging interaction of two Bose-Einstein condensates reveals the coherent, quantum wave nature of matter. An asymptotic analysis of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation in the small dispersion (semiclassical) limit, experimental results, and three-dimensional numerical simulations show that this interference pattern can be interpreted as a modulated soliton train generated by the interaction of two rarefaction waves propagating through the vacuum. The soliton train is shown to emerge from a linear, trigonometric interference pattern and is found by use of the Whitham modulation theory for nonlinear waves. This dispersive hydrodynamic perspective offers a new viewpoint on the mechanism driving matter-wave interference. |
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Keywords: | 02 30 Ik 03 75 Kk 03 75 Lm 05 45 Yv |
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