Surface functionalization via in situ interaction of plasma-generated free radicals with stable precursor-molecules on cellulose |
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Authors: | Alvaro de Jesús Martínez-Gómez Sorin O Manolache Víctor Gónzalez-Álvarez Raymond A Young Ferencz Sandor Denes |
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Institution: | 1. Chemical Engineering Department, University of Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44430, Mexico 2. Center for Plasma-Aided Manufacturing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1410 Engineering Drive #101, Madison, WI, 53706, USA 4. Forest Ecology and Management, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA 3. Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1410 Engineering Drive; Room 101, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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Abstract: | The surface functionalization process was accomplished in a consecutive 3 step process including: (1) Argon- and oxygen-plasma
enhanced generation of free radical sites on cellophane surfaces; (2) “In situ” gas phase derivatization in the absence of
plasma using hydrazine, ethylene diamine, or propylene diamine; (3) Second “in situ”, gas phase derivatization in the absence
of plasma using oxallyl chloride or “ex situ” derivatization in the presence of glutaraldehyde. The presence of free radical
sites on the plasma exposed cellophane surfaces was demonstrated using “in situ” sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide labeling
techniques. It was shown that the free radical sites readily react under “in situ” conditions with the stable chain-precursor
components and generate the desired spacer-chain molecules. ESCA, ATR-FTIR analysis and dying techniques were used to monitor
the cellophane surface changes. A factorial design was used for selecting the optimal plasma parameters. Functionalized cellophane
substrates were used for immobilization of α-chymotrypsin in the presence of spacer-chain molecules. The activity of the immobilized
α-chymotrypsin was found to be lower in comparison to the activity of the free enzyme and the presence of virgin cellophane
in the free enzyme solution also reduced significantly the activity of the enzyme. It is suggested that the swollen state
of the cellophane plays a significant role in the decrease of the immobilized enzyme activity. |
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Keywords: | Plasma functionalization Cellophane α -Chymotrypsin immobilization Spacer-chain molecules Primary amine and carboxylic functionalities |
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