Effectiveness in strategic planning

There is a considerable body of literature on how to do strategic planning effectively. There is however no concise statement of effectiveness in strategic planning. One definition of an effective strategic planning system would be a system that sets goals and achieves them within a specified time. In this paper it is argued that this goals/achievement view of effectiveness has serious deficiencies. As an alternative to an ends oriented view of effectiveness, a process orientation is adopted. Twelve attributes of effectiveness for strategic planning systems are proposed.