硼富勒烯及其相关结构研究进展

本文对硼富勒烯等硼纳米结构及其相关材料的研究进展进行了简要评述. 首先对硼和碳元素及其成键性质的区别与联系进行了讨论, 并简要介绍了碳富勒烯、纳米管和石墨烯的发现及其结构与性质. 接下来系统回顾了过去几十年来人们对硼团簇、硼纳米管和硼纳米线等纳米结构在理论和实验研究方面取得的进展.特别是最近几年来, 针对硼富勒烯、硼纳米管、硼单层平面、硼富勒烯固体等结构的研究取得了一些重要进展, 本文在结合我们自己研究工作的基础上, 对上述研究进展做了系统地介绍. 最后对硼富勒烯及其相关材料的研究前景进行了展望.

Recent advances on boron fullerenes and related nanostructures

Recent advances on boron fullerenes and related nanostructures are briefly reviewed in this paper. First, the differences and connections especially on bonding properties between boron and carbon are discussed. The discoveries, structures and properties of carbon fullerenes, nanotubes and graphene are briefly recalled. Then, the theoretical and experimental studies on boron clusters, boron nanotubes and boron nanowires in the past decades are systematically reviewed. Recently, new theoretical developments on boron nanostructures such as boron fullerenes, new boron nanotubes, boron planar sheets and boron fullerene solids have been achieved. These new advances are thus described. In particular, a generic constructing scheme is emphasized, which could generate a great family of novel boron hollow fullerenes and other quasi-planar boron nanostructures with remarkable stabilities. An electron counting rule to explain why the predicted boron fullerenes are stable and how the electrons in these fullerenes are bonded is stated. Finally, a few possible directions in the field of boron fullerenes and related materials are prospected.