New sights into the electrochemical interface provided by in situ X-ray absorption fine structure and surface X-ray scattering |
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Authors: | Takuya Masuda Toshihiro Kondo |
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Institution: | 1. Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan;2. Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan;3. Global Research Center for Environment and Energy Based on Nanomaterials Science (GREEN), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan;4. Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan |
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Abstract: | Various important processes, such as electron transfer reactions, adsorption/desorption, solvation/desolvation, and formation/cleavage of chemical bonds, take place at electrolyte/electrode interfaces during electrocatalytic reactions. Those processes have been understood on the basis of changes in the surface composition, atomic arrangement, and molecular and electronic structures of the interfaces by using various in situ analysis techniques. To date, in situ analysis and observation of those interfacial processes at an ideal single-crystal surface are indispensable not only for fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanism but also for rational design of the highly efficient and durable electrocatalytic materials. Here, historical and recent progress of in situ studies on electrocatalytic reactions is briefly reviewed with a focus on two major techniques, X-ray absorption fine structure and surface X-ray scattering. |
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Keywords: | X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) Surface X-ray scattering (SXS) Single-crystal electrode |
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