Recent progress in the studies of electrochemical interfaces by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and microscopy

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a label-free spectroscopic technique that is highly sensitive to various surface reactions. Incorporating SPR into electrochemical measurements has emerged as a powerful method to study both faradaic and non-faradaic processes. SPR microscopy (SPRM) integrates an optical microscope into SPR detection, which further offers high throughput detection and spatially resolved information at an electrode surface and thus, has attracted attention especially in single entity electrochemical studies. In this review, the progress in the studies of electrochemical interfaces by SPR and SPRM during the past two years will be discussed.