Counter-flow electrokinetic supercharging for the determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water samples |
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Authors: | Mohamed Dawod Michael C. BreadmoreRosanne M. Guijt Paul R. Haddad |
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Affiliation: | Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia |
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Abstract: | Electrokinetic supercharging (EKS) has been used in the last few years as a powerful tool for separation and on-line preconcentration of different types of analytes. We have developed a valuable modification for EKS system, namely counter-flow EKS (CF-EKS) and applied it for the separation and on-line preconcentration of seven non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in water samples. In CF-EKS, a hydrodynamic counter-flow is applied during electrokinetic injection of the analytes within the EKS system. This counter-flow minimises the introduction of the sample matrix into the capillary, allowing longer injections to be performed. Careful choice of the optimum counter-flow as well as the optimum injection voltage allowed the sensitivity to be enhanced by 11,800-fold, giving limits of detection (LODs) of 10.7–47.0 ng/L for the selected NSAIDs. The developed method was validated and then applied for the determination of the studied NSAIDs in drinking water as well as wastewater samples from Hobart city. |
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Keywords: | Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Capillary electrophoresis Counter-flow Electrokinetic supercharging Water samples Stacking |
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