Molecular states observed in a single pair of strongly coupled self-assembled InAs quantum dots

Molecular states in a single pair of strongly coupled self-assembled InAs quantum dots are investigated using a sub-micron sized single-electron transistor containing just a few pairs of coupled InAs dots embedded in a GaAs matrix. We observe a series of well-formed Coulomb diamonds with charging energy of less than 5 meV, which are much smaller than those reported previously. This is because electrons are occupied in molecular states, which are spread over both dots and occupy a large volume. In the measurement of ground and excited state single-electron transport spectra with a magnetic field, we find that the electrons are sequentially trapped in symmetric and anti-symmetric states. This result is well explained by numerical calculation using an exact diagonalization method.