AS-924, a novel orally active bifunctional prodrug of ceftizoxime. Synthesis and relationship between physicochemical properties and oral absorption. |
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Authors: | M Kasai S Hatano M Kitagawa A Yoshimi K Nishimura N Mori A Sakai T Sugihara |
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Institution: | Research Laboratories, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Japan. |
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Abstract: | Ceftizoxime (CZX), a parenteral cephalosporin, has potent and broad antibacterial activity. To improve its oral absorption, we synthesized a series of monofunctional and bifunctional prodrugs of CZX. In rabbits, urinary recovery after oral administration of CZX was improved by esterification of the carboxyl group at the C-4 position with various lipophilic moieties (monofunctional prodrugs), and was further increased by introduction of a hydrophilic L-alanine to the amino group on the thiazole ring at the C-7 position (bifunctional prodrugs). Least-squares analysis showed good parabolic correlations between log P and urinary recovery for monofunctional and bifunctional prodrugs, respectively. AS-924, a bifunctional prodrug with a pivaloyloxymethyl and L-alanyl moiety had the best balance of lipophilicity and water-solubility for oral absorption among the prodrugs synthesized. |
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