Solvent extraction of cadmium and zinc from sulphate solutions: Comparison of mechanical agitation and ultrasonic irradiation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;2. Department of Mining Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;1. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;2. Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;3. Division of Rare Metal Materials & Metallurgy, General Research Institute for Non-Ferrous Metals, Beijing 100008, China;1. Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;2. College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;3. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada;1. State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China;2. Faculty of Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China;3. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China;4. Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China;5. National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China;6. Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;7. Beijing Key Lab of Radioactive Wastes Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;1. Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;2. Orbix nv, Henry Fordlaan 84, B-3600 Genk, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | This research was conducted to evaluate the potential of ultrasonic irradiation during the solvent extraction of metals, and comparing its efficiency with a mechanically stirred system (MSSX). The simultaneous extraction of zinc and cadmium from sulphate solutions was investigated by di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as an organic extractant which was diluted (20%) in kerosene at the organic: aqueous phase ratio of 1:1 and the temperature of 25 °C. The influence of some critical parameters, including contact time, solution pH, ultrasonic power, and zinc/cadmium ratio were investigated on the extraction of the metals. Results show that D2EHPA selectively extract zinc rather than cadmium in both mechanically and ultrasonically mixed systems. It was also found that increase of ultrasonic power from 10 to 120 W cause a small decrease in zinc extraction; while, at low and high levels of the induced power, cadmium extraction was significantly decreased. Results also show that maximum extraction amounts of zinc (88.7%) and cadmium (68.2%) by the MSSX system occurred at the pH of 3 and the contact times of 3 and 20 min, respectively. Although capability of extraction in the ultrasonically assisted solvent extraction (USAX) system for both metals was higher, the selectivity was lower than that of MSSX system under different conditions especially in high zinc/cadmium ratios. It can be concluded that physical effects (i.e. mixing) inducing at low ultrasonic powers (below 60 W) mainly results in increasing solvent extraction rate, while the chemical actions applied at the higher powers have a negative outcome on the extraction rate particularly for cadmium. |
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| Keywords: | Ultrasonic irradiation Mechanical agitation D2EHPA Zinc Cadmium Solvent extraction |
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