杉木种子生活力变异的研究

<正> 一、引言 据各地检验,杉木种子发育健全具有发芽能力的一般只占30％左右,其余60％—70％的种子发育异常(涩粒和瘪粒)无生活能力。从而提高了育苗成本费。这是杉木种子工作中长期未能解决的问题之一。当前,许多种子园即将投产利用,如何改善种子的播种品质、降低育苗造林成本,已成为种子园集约管理的当务之急。为此,我们从1976年起对杉木种子生活力的变异进行了研究。现就四年的试验结果,分析和讨论如下。 二、材料和方法 1976年,在福建洋口林场1966年和1975年的嫁接种子园(简称种,下同)和优树收集区(简称收,下同)以及1967年的实生苗种子园内,设置了固定的观测样株。计有无性系(或家系)44个,样树55株。每年从各样株固定的树冠部位(上、中、下),分别随机采摘充分成熟、发育正常和无病虫害的球果10个(每株30个),逐个进行人工解剖,统计出发育健全、涩粒和瘪粒种子的数目,并按球果和样株计算各自所占的百分比率,然后将此值经反正弦换算并进行数理统计分析。

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE VARIATION OF SEED VIGOR OF CHINESE FIR

The study of the variation of seed vigor of Chinese fir was started in 1975 and completed in 1979. The main results of this study were as fellews:1. Variation of seed vigor of Chinese fir proved highly significant. According to the variation of seed vigor, the seeds of Chinese fir can be classified into three types, i. e. "heathy", "tannin-like substanced" and "empty" .2- The difference of between-done (or family) and between-crown layer are very significant as shown by F-test for the healthy seeds and tannin-like substanced seeds, but are not significant for the empty seeds.3. According to the results of the diallel tests shown in this study, seed vigor is obviously under the s. c. a. control in Cunninghamia lanceolata (hBI2 = 0.47-0.67,hB2F= 0.93-0.97).4. Both seed traits of the healthy seeds and the tannin-like substanced seeds were under control of some g. c. a., with an individual and fimaly narrow-sense herita: bility of 0.23, 0.09 and 0.33, 0.18 respectively.5. Our study showed that the selfing effects were the main factor in determining the number of the tannin-like substanced seeds in the clonal seed orchard.