Stochastic Local Gauss-Bonnet-Chern Theorem

The Gauss-Bonnet-Chern theorem for compact Riemannian manifold (without boundary) is discussed here to exhibit in a clear manner the role Riemannian Brownian motion plays in various probabilistic approaches to index theorems. The method with some modifications works also for the index theorem for the Dirac operator on the bundle of spinors, see Hsu.⁽⁷⁾