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Determination of thermodynamic parameters for cloud point extraction of Arsenazo-III and Magdala Red dyes using mixed micelles: An essential requirement for high performance
Institution:Department of Physical & Nuclear Chemistry and Chemical Oceanography, School of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract:A simple and low cost method for extraction and preconcentration of Arsenazo-III (ARS-III) and Magdala Red (MR) was developed by an efficient cloud point extraction (CPE) method using mixed micelles of Triton X–114 (TX–114) and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). Various parameters, such as pH/concentration of H2SO4, surfactant concentrations (TX-114 and CTAB), equilibrium temperature and time have been studied to maximise efficiency. Thermodynamic quantities like change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG0), change in enthalpy (ΔH0) and change in entropy (ΔS0) were calculated. The results show that the CPE of ARS-III and MR dye is feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic in the temperature range of (50–80) °C indicating good recoveries for the developed method. The effect of temperature, surfactant concentration and dye concentration on various thermodynamic quantities was investigated and it was found that ΔG0 values increased with temperature but decreased with surfactant and dye concentration. ΔH0 and ΔS0 values increased as surfactant concentration increased and decreased as dye concentration decreased. The recoveries were found to be the range from 90.02 – 101.03 % for ARS-III and 86.07–99.46 % for MR dyes which proves that the method is highly efficient.
Keywords:Arsenazo-III  Magdala red  Cloud point extraction  Triton X-114 (TX-114)  Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide  (CTAB)
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