强电磁脉冲的有效带宽、测量带宽及来自上升时间的影响

 从能量分布和测量有效性的观点出发，提出了强电磁脉冲的能量有效带宽和动态范围有效带宽的概念。针对IEC61000－4－4,MIL－STD－464,IEC61000－4－2,IEC61312－1等标准规定的核电磁脉冲(NEMP)、雷电电磁脉冲(LEMP)、静电放电电磁脉冲(ESDEMP)等强电磁脉冲，分别计算了它们的能量有效带宽和动态范围有效带宽。通过分析，得知在一定的范围内，上述强电磁脉冲上升时间的变化对两种有效带宽的影响并不明显，在此基础上，确定了它们的测量带宽。计算结果为NEMP，ESD EMP及LEMP的60 dB有效带宽分别是371，786，1 233 MHz与96 kHz；99%能量有效带宽分别是46，95，183 MHz与15 kHz；不失真测量所需的带宽分别是152，307，916 MHz和95 kHz。

High-EMP effective bandwidth, measurement bandwidth and effect from rising time

The bandwidths of high-electromagnetic pulses generated by high altitude nuclear explosion, lightning and ESD have been investigated. In terms of the energy spectrums of the high-EMP and from the viewpoint of measurement validity, we have put forward two new concepts, energy effective bandwidth and dynamic range effective bandwidth, to represent the bandwidth of the high-EMP. Both of the effective bandwidths of the high-EMP specified in IEC61000-4-4, MIL-STD-464, IEC61312-1 and IEC61000-4-2, have been calculated,60 dB effective bandwidthes are separately 371 MHz, 786 MHz,1 233 MHz,96 kHz and 99% energy effective bandwidthes 46 MHz, 95 MHz, 183 MHz and 15 kHz. In addition, it has been known that the rising time of above high-EMP has a little impact on the two kinds of effective bandwidth, and it is neglectable within a certain range. At last, the measurement bandwidthes of above high-EMP are given,which are separately 152 MHz, 307 MHz, 916 MHz and 95 kHz.