Design,construction and assessment of a field-deployable laser-induced breakdown spectrometer for remote elemental sensing |
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| Institution: | 1. Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306, Université Lyon 1 - CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France;2. IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l''échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France;1. Optics and Optoelectronics Lab, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China;2. Life Science College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China;1. Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20134 Milano, Italy;2. T&D Technologies Department, Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico – RSE, Via Rubattino 54, 20134 Milano, Italy |
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| Abstract: | A field-deployable laser-induced breakdown spectrometer for measurements in the hundreds of meters range has been presented. The system is capable of elemental analysis with no previous preparation and in near real time, with the only requirement of a free line-of-sight between the instrument and the sample. Main factors influencing LIBS performance at stand-off distances are outlined. LIBS signal is shown to depend on range of analysis, peak power, beam quality, laser wavelength and optics dimensions. A careful control of focusing conditions has been shown to be of importance to avoid interferences from air breakdown by the stand-off focused beam. |
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