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Computing : the Meissel, Lehmer, Lagarias, Miller, Odlyzko method
Authors:M Deleglise  J Rivat
Institution:Département de Mathématiques, Université Lyon 1, 43 Blvd. du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France ; Département de Mathématiques, Université Lyon 1, 43 Blvd. du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
Abstract:Let $\pi(x)$ denote the number of primes $\le x$. Our aim in this paper is to present some refinements of a combinatorial method for computing single values of $\pi(x)$, initiated by the German astronomer Meissel in 1870, extended and simplified by Lehmer in 1959, and improved in 1985 by Lagarias, Miller and Odlyzko. We show that it is possible to compute $\pi(x)$ in $O(\frac{x^{2/3}} {\log^2x})$ time and $O(x^{1/3}\log^3x\log \log x)$ space. The algorithm has been implemented and used to compute $\pi(10^{18})$.

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