Novel complexes [(C5Me5)2Ln][B(C6F5)4] (Ln = Pr, Nd, or Gd) were prepared, which in combination with iBu3Al efficiently induce highly 1,4‐cis‐specific polymerization of butadiene. The activity of the Gd complex/iBu3Al system is high enough to exhibit good catalytic activity even at low temperature. Polymerization at −78 °C gave polybutadiene with nearly perfect 1,4‐cis microstructure (>99.9%) with sharp molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn = 1.45) and in reasonable yield.