Structural and electrochemical heterogeneities of boron-doped diamond surfaces |
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Authors: | Robert Bogdanowicz Jacek Ryl |
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Affiliation: | Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland |
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Abstract: | This brief review is focussed on the recent progress in studies of the heterogeneous electrochemical behaviour of various boron-doped materials extending from zero-dimensional particles through polycrystalline or nanostructured three-dimensional surfaces. A boron-doped diamond reveals large heterogeneities induced by numerous factors, inter alia multi-faceted crystallinity, inhomogeneous boron concentration, sp2/sp3-carbon ratio, surface terminations and grain size distribution. We also present single nanodiamond particles and a nanostructured diamond, which are fabricated by either a top-down or a bottom-up procedure. Nanoarchitectured surfaces allow high areas and large aspect ratios to be achieved, exhibiting highly heterogeneous charge-transfer performance for catalytic, sensing and energy applications. We have anticipated multi-factor-originated heterogeneities of various boron-doped diamond surfaces displaying the essential fabrication and diagnostic methodologies and critically reviewing their benefits and drawbacks. |
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Keywords: | Diamond Boron-doped diamond Nanodiamond Heterogeneous transfer rate Mapping SECM |
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