Self-rewetting carbon nanofluid as working fluid for space and terrestrial heat pipes |
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Authors: | R Di Paola R Savino D Mirabile Gattia R Marazzi M Vittori Antisari |
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Institution: | (1) DIAS Department, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy;(2) UTTMAT, ENEA, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy |
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Abstract: | Thermal management is very important in modern electronic systems. Recent researches have been dedicated to the study of the
heat transfer performances of binary heat transfer fluids with peculiar surface tension properties and in particular to that
of “self-rewetting fluids”, i.e., liquids with a surface tension increasing with temperature and concentration. Since in the
course of liquid/vapor-phase change, self-rewetting fluids behavior induces a rather strong liquid inflow (caused by both
temperature and concentration gradients) from the cold region (where liquid condensates) to the hot evaporator region, this
fluids have been proposed and investigated as new heat transfer fluids for advanced heat transfer devices, e.g., heat pipes
or heat spreaders for terrestrial and space applications (Savino et al. in Space Technol 25(1):59–61, 2009). The present work is dedicated to the study of the thermophysical properties of a new class of heat transfer fluids based
on water/alcohol solutions with suspended carbon nanostructures, in particular single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWNH), synthesized
by a homemade apparatus with an AC arc discharge in open air (Mirabile Gattia et al. in Nanotechnology 18:255604, 2007). SWNHs are cone-shaped nanoparticles with diameters between 1 and 5 nm and lengths in the range of 20–100 nm. SWNHs could
be found in the form of quite-spherical aggregates with diameters ranging from 20 to 100 nm. The paper also discusses the
results of these investigations and laboratory characterization tests of different heat pipes, including reference ordinary
heat pipes and innovative pipes filled with self-rewetting fluids and self-rewetting nanofluids. The potential interest of
the proposed studies stems from the large number of possible industrial applications, including space technologies and terrestrial
applications, such as cooling of electronic components. |
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