聚苯胺/贵金属复合纳米材料的可控合成及催化应用

导电高分子/贵金属复合纳米材料因其在催化、传感、表面增强拉曼、光热治疗等诸多领域的应用前景而受到广泛关注.本文主要介绍我们课题组近年来利用可控合成策略制备的负载型和包埋型两种结构聚苯胺/贵金属复合纳米材料,以及利用复合纳米材料的结构和功能特性,对其在多相催化领域的应用、结构与催化性能之间构效关系的探索.

Controllable Synthesis and Catalysis Application of Conducting Polymer/Noble Metal Nanoparticle Hybrids

Conducting polymer/noble metal nanoparticle hybrids have aroused increasing interest due to their potential application in fields of catalysis, sensing, surface-enhanced Raman, photo-thermal therapy and so on.The incorporation of conducting polymers with noble metal nanoparticles can produce new hybrids showing distinct properties that are not observed in the individual components. In general, the strategies in the synthesis of conducting polymer/noble metal nanoparticle hybrids involve the direct mixing of conducting polymers and noble metal nanoparticles, redox reaction between conducting polymers and noble metal ions, redox reaction between aniline monomers and noble metal ions, as well as aniline monomer polymerization in the presence of noble metal nanoparticles. Noble metal nanoparticles are either supported on surfaces of conducting polymer nanostructures or embedded in conducting polymer matrix. Our research focuses on the controllable synthesis of polyaniline/noble metal nanoparticle hybrids with compact interactions, which will show potential application as advanced nanocatalysts in diverse catalytic reactions. This fearfure artcle aims at reviewing our work in recent years on the synthetic strategies and catalysis application of polyaniline/noble metal nanoparticle hybrids. The supported polyaniline/noble metal nanoparticle hybrids can be synthesized through the redox reaction between polyaniline and noble metal ion, where the configuration of hybrids and size of supported noble metal nanoparticles are determined by polyaniline nanostructures and functional doping acids. The embedded polyaniline/noble metal nanoparticle hybrids can be synthesized through the redox reaction between aniline monomer and noble metal ion,where the functional substituents in aniline monomer play the determining role in reducing the size of noble metal nanoparticles in hybrids. In addition, the polymerization of aniline monomer on surfaces of noble metal nanoparticles can also lead to embedded polyaniline/noble metal nanoparticle hybrids with compact interaction.Polyaniline/noble metal nanoparticle hybrids have been successfully applied as nanocatalysts in nitrophenol reduction, alcohol oxidation, Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling, and Ullmann reactions. In particular, a novel yolkin-shell nanostructure of polyaniline/Au hybrids have been emphasized and the synergistic catalytic effect of polyaniline for Au nanoparticles has been discussed.