高分子结构与性能关系原理-结构层次的意义

高分子结构是高分子性能的重要物质基础,对其结构进行合理的划分,有助于准确把握高分子物理知识体系的内在脉络。高分子结构层次的划分不仅要思考静态时特定质点在空间的堆砌特征,而且也要考虑结构出现运动或是变化的基本单元。按照质点尺度的不同,高聚物的结构可以分为单一高分子结构(链结构)、多个高分子结构(凝聚结构)和多种高分子结构(织态结构)三个主要层次。其中,化学因素所确定的链结构层次包括相对分子质量以及构造、构型等同分异构体形式;物理因素所确定的结构层次为高分子局部质点集合在空间的堆砌和排列;链段是容易被忽视、但又是最为重要的运动(变化)单元。

The Relationship between Polymer Structure and Properties-key Points to the Structure

Polymer structure is an important material basis for its properties. A reasonable division of the structure of polymer materials is helpful to understand the relationship between structure and properties of polymer in polymer physics course. The classification of polymer structure should not only consider the spatial stacking characteristics of specific particles in static state, but also consider the basic units of structural movement or change of polymer. According to the particle size,the structure of polymers can be divided into single polymer structure(chain structure), aggregated state of homopolymers(condensation structure) and aggregated state of multiple polymers(texture structure). Among them, the structural form determined by the chemical bond factor includes the relative molecular mass and equivalent isomers such as constitution and configuration. The structure levels determined by physical factors are the stacking and arrangement of local particles in space, and the chain segments are the most important moving(changing) units, although they are often ignored.