半金属磁体

半金属磁体是近些年来日益受到关注的一种新材料，也是物质具有一种新形态，在半金属磁体的能带结构中，两个自旋子能带分别具有金属性与绝缘性，从而产生自旋完全极化的传导电子，这一特性使它有可能在新一代微电子设备中发挥重要作用，并为极化输运理论及自旋电子学的研究开辟崭新的领域，文章主要介绍了半金属磁体的命名、特征和几种典型的材料，回顾了在寻找半金属磁体过程中的理论计算和实验研究的发展历程，并对巳在半金属磁体材料中发现的一些具有应用价值的磁输运现象作了阐述。

HALF-METALLIC MAGNETS

Half-metallic magnetic materials are a new state of matter which is attracting more and more attention in recent years. With a special band structure in which only one of the two spin directions is metallic, the conducting electrons are completely spin polarized in these materials. This property makes it possible for them to play a key role in future electronic devices and to offer an interesting field for the study of spin-polarized transport theory and spin electronics. We review the history and properties of half-metallic magnets, as well as ongoing theoretical and experimental studies to find more evidence and examples of these materials. In addition, the magnetoresistance in half-metallic magnets is described in detail since this property has great importance in applications.