理想量子气体的尺度效应

根据欧拉-麦克劳林(Euler-MacLaurin)公式,导出有限理想量子气体的热力学量表达式,揭示系统尺度和边界形状对其性质的影响.结果表明,有限尺度效应导致了一系列与热力学极限条件下不同的性质特征,如系统的非广延性和压强的各向异性等.

Finite-size effects in ideal quantum gas

Based on the Euler-MacLaurin formula,the expressions of thermodynamic quantities of a finite-size ideal quantum gas are derived and the effects of the size of the system and the shape of the boundary are revealed.It is shown that the finite-size effects result in several novel characteristics such as the non-extensively of the system,the anisotropy of the pressure,and so on,which are different from those obtained under the thermodynamic limit condition.