Lithium insertion into Co3O4: A preliminary investigation |
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Authors: | MM Thackeray SD Baker KT Adendorff JB Goodenough |
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Institution: | National Institute for Materials Research, CSIR, P.O. Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford 0X1 3QR, UK |
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Abstract: | Lithium has been inserted into the spinel Co3O4 both chemically and electrochemically. During lithiation the tetrahedral A-site Co2+ cations are displaced into neighbouring empty octahedral sites: the incoming Li+ ions occupy the remaining interstitial octahedra of the spinel structure to produce the partially ordered rocksalt compound LiCo3O4. The octahedral B-site cations of the AB2]X4 spinel are unperturbed by this reaction: the oxide lattice expands by 8.6%. Lithium analyses and powder X-ray diffraction spectra indicate that further lithiation is possible. However, it is demonstrated that a fast lithiation in excess of LiCo3O4 is followed by a slow extrusion of B-site cobalt at 50°C until all the Li on the 8a sites has moved to the octahedral vacancies thus created. |
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